During intraocular pressure measurement (=tonometry), a special pressure measuring device (=tonometer) is used to measure the physical pressure inside the eye.
Inside the front part of the eye is a clear fluid (aqueous humor). This is constantly being produced. Excess aqueous humor returns to the bloodstream. In a healthy eye, the inflow and outflow of aqueous humor are in balance. However, if pathological changes, such as narrowing or malformations, obstruct the outflow, this delicate balance is disturbed and the pressure inside the eye increases.
However, the correct intraocular pressure is necessary to maintain the stable spherical shape of the eyeball. This keeps the surface of the cornea smoothly curved, the distance between the cornea, lens, and retina constant, and the receptors on the retina evenly aligned. This ensures that the eye functions correctly.
The measurement can be carried out relatively easily at the vet's office. A small sensor briefly touches the cornea and measures the intraocular pressure. The procedure is not painful, so sedation (calming medication) is usually not necessary. Local anesthetic eye drops can be administered. The internal pressure of both eyes is always measured for comparison.
Intraocular pressure measurement provides important information about drainage disorders or diseases of the eye, but it is only a single finding. Therefore, a complete eye examination should always be performed if an eye disease is suspected.
Many people like dogs or cats, others want a budgie, and still others bring a snake into their home. Perhaps a somewhat unusual choice of pet, but with expertise and a love for this particular species, it can become a special relationship for both human and animal.
Cats can do something we cannot: see clearly, even in the dark. It can be exciting and intimidating to look a cat in the eyes, because they will surely win the "blinking game" and are otherwise superior to us in terms of vision.
Bearded dragons are somewhat reminiscent of miniature dinosaurs – a fascinating species of reptile. These interesting lizards can become very attached to their owners and form close bonds with them.
Stomach ulcers have long been considered an "occupational disease" in racehorses and competition horses. It was thought that early training, the stress of the racetrack, or frequent transport to international competitions caused stomach ulcers. However, we now know that this condition can affect horses of all breeds and performance levels. Even your neighbor's pony, grazing peacefully in the meadow, could be suffering from a stomach ulcer. Although around 90% of all racehorses are still affected by stomach ulcers, the proportion of leisure horses with the condition now stands at 37%.
It's pretty much every cat owner's worst nightmare: your cat has eaten something poisonous! Now you need to act fast—take them to the vet immediately.
This herpesvirus specific to dogs (CHV-1) is the main pathogen responsible for kennel cough and is also the main cause of fertility problems with a high mortality rate in dogs. Like the human herpes virus, the canine herpes virus can retreat into the host cell and cause latent (present but not visible) and persistent (ongoing) infections that can be reactivated by stress.
Hematology is a branch of internal medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the blood, bone marrow, and lymphatic system. Hematological diseases include anemia, blood clotting disorders, cancer of the blood-forming cells or lymphatic system, and autoimmune diseases of the blood.
Many eye surgeries that have long been common in humans are now also performed on animals. There are now a number of veterinary specialists in ophthalmology (=ophthalmologists).
Even after centuries of domestication and breeding, the horse remains a flight animal. Some behaviors are undesirable to us humans, but they are not behavioral disorders; rather, they are part of the horse's natural nature. These include, for example, shying, bucking, or bolting. A typical behavioral disorder, on the other hand, is cribbing.
Bitless riding simply means riding without a bit in the horse's mouth. There are many different reasons and just as many ways to ride a horse without a bit. Of course, there are always disadvantages as well as advantages. Think about which bitless bridle suits you, your horse, and your riding style in advance. And finally, practice makes perfect.
Sebadenitis is a progressive inflammatory change in the sebaceous glands of the skin in dogs and cats, which ultimately leads to their irreversible destruction. The disease was first described in dogs in 1986.
The most common types of horse husbandry are classic stabling, free-range stabling (active stables), paddock trails, seasonal grazing, and open stabling. One thing should be clear to every horse owner. Horses want to run. In the steppe, they sometimes spend up to 16 hours a day searching for food and water. They graze as they roam across the land. Now, our horses have been bred and domesticated for our time together with them; they are no longer steppe ponies. We feed them and care for them. Nevertheless, horses need exercise. We should definitely keep this in mind when choosing how to keep our horses. This also means that keeping horses exclusively in stalls without a sufficiently large paddock for free movement is not species-appropriate. In addition, contact with other horses must always be ensured, as horses are herd animals.
